Connected: An Internet Encyclopedia
2. Terms
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Connected: An Internet Encyclopedia
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Requests For Comments
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RFC 1866
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2. Terms
2. Terms
- absolute URI
-
a URI in absolute form; for example, as per [URL]
- anchor
-
one of two ends of a hyperlink; typically, a phrase
marked as an <A> element.
- base URI
-
an absolute URI used in combination with a relative URI
to determine another absolute URI.
- character
-
An atom of information, for example a letter or a digit.
Graphic characters have associated glyphs, whereas
control characters have associated processing semantics.
- character encoding scheme
-
A function whose domain is the set of sequences of
octets, and whose range is the set of sequences of
characters from a character repertoire; that is, a
sequence of octets and a character encoding scheme
determines a sequence of characters.
- character repertoire
-
A finite set of characters; e.g. the range of a coded
character set.
- code position
-
An integer. A coded character set and a code position
from its domain determine a character.
- coded character set
-
A function whose domain is a subset of the integers and
whose range is a character repertoire. That is, for some
set of integers (usually of the form {0, 1, 2, ..., N}
), a coded character set and an integer in that set
determine a character. Conversely, a character and a
coded character set determine the character's code
position (or, in rare cases, a few code positions).
- conforming HTML user agent
-
A user agent that conforms to this specification in its
processing of the Internet Media Type `text/html'.
- data character
-
Characters other than markup, which make up the content
of elements.
- document character set
-
a coded character set whose range includes all
characters used in a document. Every SGML document has
exactly one document character set. Numeric character
references are resolved via the document character set.
- DTD
-
document type definition. Rules that apply SGML to the
markup of documents of a particular type, including a
set of element and entity declarations. [SGML]
- element
-
A component of the hierarchical structure defined by a
document type definition; it is identified in a document
instance by descriptive markup, usually a start-tag and
end-tag. [SGML]
- end-tag
-
Descriptive markup that identifies the end of an
element. [SGML]
- entity
-
data with an associated notation or interpretation; for
example, a sequence of octets associated with an
Internet Media Type. [SGML]
- fragment identifier
-
the portion of an HREF attribute value following the `#'
character which modifies the presentation of the
destination of a hyperlink.
- form data set
-
a sequence of name/value pairs; the names are given by
an HTML document and the values are given by a user.
- HTML document
-
An SGML document conforming to this document type
definition.
- hyperlink
-
a relationship between two anchors, called the head and
the tail. The link goes from the tail to the head. The
head and tail are also known as destination and source,
respectively.
- markup
-
Syntactically delimited characters added to the data of
a document to represent its structure. There are four
different kinds of markup: descriptive markup (tags),
references, markup declarations, and processing
instructions. [SGML]
- may
-
A document or user interface is conforming whether this
statement applies or not.
- media type
-
an Internet Media Type, as per [IMEDIA].
- message entity
-
a head and body. The head is a collection of name/value
fields, and the body is a sequence of octets. The head
defines the content type and content transfer encoding
of the body. [MIME]
- minimally conforming HTML user agent
-
A user agent that conforms to this specification except
for form processing. It may only process level 1 HTML
documents.
- must
-
Documents or user agents in conflict with this statement
are not conforming.
- numeric character reference
-
markup that refers to a character by its code position
in the document character set.
- SGML document
-
A sequence of characters organized physically as a set
of entities and logically into a hierarchy of elements.
An SGML document consists of data characters and markup;
the markup describes the structure of the information
and an instance of that structure. [SGML]
- shall
-
If a document or user agent conflicts with this
statement, it does not conform to this specification.
- should
-
If a document or user agent conflicts with this
statement, undesirable results may occur in practice
even though it conforms to this specification.
- start-tag
-
Descriptive markup that identifies the start of an
element and specifies its generic identifier and
attributes. [SGML]
- syntax-reference character set
-
A coded character set whose range includes all
characters used for markup; e.g. name characters and
delimiter characters.
- tag
-
Markup that delimits an element. A tag includes a name
which refers to an element declaration in the DTD, and
may include attributes. [SGML]
- text entity
-
A finite sequence of characters. A text entity typically
takes the form of a sequence of octets with some
associated character encoding scheme, transmitted over
the network or stored in a file. [SGML]
- typical
-
Typical processing is described for many elements. This
is not a mandatory part of the specification but is
given as guidance for designers and to help explain the
uses for which the elements were intended.
- URI
-
A Uniform Resource Identifier is a formatted string that
serves as an identifier for a resource, typically on the
Internet. URIs are used in HTML to identify the anchors
of hyperlinks. URIs in common practice include Uniform
Resource Locators (URLs)[URL] and Relative URLs
[RELURL].
- user agent
-
A component of a distributed system that presents an
interface and processes requests on behalf of a user;
for example, a www browser or a mail user agent.
- WWW
-
The World-Wide Web is a hypertext-based, distributed
information system created by researchers at CERN in
Switzerland. <URL:http://www.w3.org/>
Next: 3. HTML as an Application of SGML
Connected: An Internet Encyclopedia
2. Terms